The department of physiology and biophysics school of. Department of physiology, pennsylvania muscle institute, nanobio interface center. Abstract many complex cellular processes from mitosis to cell motility depend. To this end we work with a number of biological systems often focusing on basic biological processes such as the chemistry and physics of cell motility. Actinbased cell motility and cell locomotion semantic. Current research on cell structure, function, and dynamics. Mechanism of shape determination in motile cells ncbi nih. Mechanics and dynamics of cell motility julie theriot grew up in illinois and attended college at the massachusetts institute of technology, graduating in 1988 with degrees in physics and biology. Profesor of biochemistry, microbiology and immunology, stanford university investigator, hhmi. Departments of biochemistry and of microbiology and immunology, beckman center, stanford university school of medicine, stanford, ca 943055307, usa. These actin filaments are constantly growing and shrinking, and this dynamic behavior allows a network of actin to generate enough force for cell motility. Julie theriot, phd, university of washington the fast and the furious. It is based on a complex selforganized mechanochemical.
Tutorial an introduction to cell motility for the physical. Many forms of cell motility, such as the intra cellular movement of. The full text of this article hosted at is unavailable due to technical difficulties. The shapes and movements of eukaryotic cells depend on the dynamic organization of filamentous protein polymers, collectively called the cytoskeleton. Dynamics of cellular motility book downloads by rodgerati on.
Department of biochemistry, stanford school of medicine 9. Feb 12, 2004 cameron l a, giardini p a, soo f s and theriot j a 2000 secrets of actinbased motility revealed by a bacterial pathogen nat. Julie theriot attended college at the massachusetts institute of technology, graduating with degrees in physics and biology. Theriot explains how tiny, nanometer sized actin molecules can selfassemble into filaments that are hundreds of microns in length.
Borisy polymerization of actin filaments is necessary for results and discussion both protrusion of the leading edge of crawling the high density of actin filaments in comet tails formed cells and propulsion of certain intracellular by pathogenic bacteria such as listeria monocytogenes or. Rickettsia, moved with the same rate in ptk2 cells theriot. Dendritic organization of actin comet tails lisa a. If cells display specialized cytoskeletal structures, researchers have options for speeding the. Jun 01, 1996 comment viewpoint tails from the hall of infection. Oct 18, 2016 when he bleached a spot in the fluorescent leading lamella of the stationary cell, the spot moved away from the leading edge as new fluorescent actin was incorporated next to the plasma membrane. Actin cables and comet tails organize mitochondrial networks in mitosis. Cellular motility driven by assembly and disassembly of actin filaments.
It is based on a complex selforganized mechanochemical machine consisting of cytoskeletal filaments and molecular motors. Here we address this issue in the context of motile epithelial keratocytes derived. As an aside, dan wrote a retrospective of this work thats a fun and informative read mol. Cell motility in cancer invasion thank you extremely much for downloading cell motility in cancer invasion and metastasis cancer metastasis biology and treatment. Julie s research focuses on how interactions at the molecular level determine cell behavior, in particular, how cells. The nucleationrelease model of actin filament dynamics in cell motility. Julie theriot explains how the polymerization of actin into filaments drives cell motility. The amount of financial aid available from the mbl varies by course based on funding from grants and scholarships, but typically covers 70100% of student need.
Footer mj, kerssemakers jw, theriot ja, dogterom m 2007 direct. The nucleationrelease model of actin filament dynamics in. Actin is the most abundant of the cytoskeletal proteins, a small globular protein that can self associate to form helical filaments thousands of subunits in length. The mechanism of amoeboid or crawling, or gliding cell motility has been the.
Theriot is currently a professor at the university of washington, department of biology. Bipedal locomotion in crawling cells the max planck institute for. To determine whether any host responses were due to recognition of specific virulence factors during infection, we also examined the transcriptional. The authors would like to thank julie theriot, paul janmey, casey. Research open access a geneexpression program reflecting. She pursued graduate training at the university of california at san francisco with dr. Laurent blanchoin, rajaa boujemaapaterski, cecile sykes, and julie plastino.
Immune cells and neurons put their legos together in completely different patterns, says hhmi investigator julie theriot, who studies cell motility at stanford university. Theriot s 312 research works with 12,978 citations and 9,906 reads, including. The shape of motile cells is determined by many dynamic processes. Theriot, biophysical aspects of actinbased motility in fish epithelial keratocytes, an invited chapter in cell motility, editor.
If cells display specialized cytoskeletal structures, researchers have options for speeding the rescuers or blocking the invaders in a targeted way. Theriot ogus o r ecent work on vaccinia virus has provided strong sup port for the longstanding hypothesis that viruses can use the host cell actin cytoskeleton to move from the replication factories in the cytoplasm to the cell surfacd. In 2019, 100% of those students in the physical biology of the cell course who requested financial aid received some support. Cell motility and migration department of physics and. Building cellular complexity one molecule at a time. Theory from the oster laboratory leaps ahead of experiment in. Topics include complex cell phenomena such as cell division, apoptosis, compartmentalization, transport and trafficking, motility and adhesion, differentiation, and multicellularity.
Dynamics of cellular motility book downloads by rodgerati. An adhesiondependent switch between mechanisms that. Cell motility is a crucial biological function for many cell types, including the immune cells in our body that act as first responders to foreign. Join us for another event in the 20192020 colloquium series as aps welcomes julie theriot, phd. Directed crawling motility of animal cell types ranging from neurons to macrophages requires the coordinated forcegenerating activity of multiple mechanical elements. Asymmetric cell division most cells divide symmetrically. Cell polarity, lamellipodia, and the contractile machinery.
Quantitative comparison of principal component analysis and. The canonical version of cell motility is that moving cells must protrude the leading edge of the cell as the first step, followed by adhesion to extracellular matrix, cell contraction for forward movement, and release of rear adhesions. Julie theriot is interested in how interactions at the molecular level affect life at the cellular level. Physical biology of the cell a handson course in the theoretical dissection of biological phenomena september 18 to october 8, 2016 hernan garcia uc berkeley rob phillips caltech olga dudko uc san diego greg huber kitp, uc santa barbara jane kondev brandeis university julie theriot stanford university. Effie bastounis ebastoun cells in our bodies can sense a variety of external mechanical signals, such as the stiffness of their extracellular matrix. Department of chemistry, stanford university, stanford. An introduction to cell motility for the physical scientist. Garner rm, skariah g, hadjitheodorou a, belliveau nm, savinov a, footer mj, theriot ja. Two tails of motility in cells university of pennsylvania. Theriot and her team investigate basic biological processes such as cell motility, cytoskeletal selfassembly, and pathogen invasion mechanisms, using an approach that bridges cell biology, microbiology, and biophysics. Julie s research focuses on how interactions at the molecular level determine cell behavior, in particular, how cells change their shape or direction of movement. Neutrophillike hl60 cells expressing only gfptagged. Biophysical aspects and modelling of ciliary motility.
She pursued graduate training at the university of california, san francisco, earning her ph. Julie theriot s subsequent work in tim mitchisons lab showing that the rate of actin incorporation into the comet tail of listeria matched the rate of motility helped to solidify the hypothesis that actin. S1478396704703332 tutorial an introduction to cell motility for the physical scientist daniel a fletcher1 and julie a theriot2 1 department of bioengineering and biophysics program, university of california at berkeley, berkeley, ca 94720, usa 2 departments of biochemistry and of microbiology and. Institute of physics publishing physical biology phys. We are interested in how small scale interactions at the molecular level affect life at the cellular level. Involvement of profilin in the actinbased motility of l. Physical biology of the cell actin microfilament dynamics in locomoting cells mechanism of shape determination in motile cells differentiation and developmental. Footer studies the molecular biochemistry of cytoskeletal components at the molecular and cellular level. With colleagues rob phillips, jane kondev, and hernan garcia, she has. We found that the predominant host response to infection was mediated by nf b. Cell systems garner rm, skariah g, hadjitheodorou a, et al. An introduction to cell motility for the physical scientist daniel a fletcher1 and julie a theriot2 1 department of bioengineering and biophysics program, university of california at berkeley, berkeley, ca 94720, usa 2 departments of biochemistry and of microbiology and immunology, stanford university school of medicine, stanford, ca 94305, usa. In order for a stationary cell to initiate motility, the symmetry of the system mu. After four years as a fellow at the whitehead institute for biomedical research, theriot.
Julie theriot, distinguished speaker by miranda jacobs 1. Interview open access why are bacteria different from. Advanced cell biologysame as bio 214, mcp 221 for phd students. Owing to space restrictions, we were unable to cite all relevant publications. Proteins that regulate actin turnover are also key to cell movement. The rate of actinbased motility of intracellular listeria. Physical biology of the cell marine biological laboratory.
May 21, 2008 but biochemist julie theriot explains that, for those eukaryotic cells that dont have a cell wall, shape is intrinsically connected to the inner mechanics that facilitate cell movement. Julie theriot mechanics and dynamics of cell motility christina smolke programming cellular behavior with rna controllers peter maxim motion management in radiotherapy august 3 marius wernig direct induction of neuronal cells from fibroblasts julien sage the rb gene family in stem cells and cancer initiation. Books cell motility in cancer invasion and metastasis. Theriot explains how tiny, nanometer sized actin molecules can selfass. Cytoskeletal interactions with the outside world sciencedirect.
We attempted to fairly represent different laboratories, systems, and opinions and apologize to authors whose papers we did not include. Gitai caulobacter crescentus how does the chromosome move across the cell. Most likely you have knowledge that, people have look numerous times for their favorite books subsequently this cell motility in cancer invasion and metastasis cancer metastasis biology and treatment, but stop up in harmful downloads. Julie theriot attended college at the massachusetts institute of technology, earning dual b. This mechanical competition between uninfected and bacterially infected cells limits pathogen dissemination through the epithelium. How listeria spreads from cell to cell courtesy of julie theriot. Theriot explains how tiny, nanometer sized actin molecu. Research open access a geneexpression program reflecting the. The polymerization motor theriot 2000 traffic wiley online. Topics include complex cell phenomena such as cell division, apoptosis, compartmentalization, transport and trafficking, motility.
Mechanical competition triggered by innate immune signaling. Cell motility and migration university of pennsylvania. Meeting report a hitchhikers guide to cell biology. Author summary cell migration is important for many biological. Theriot explains how tiny, nanometer sized actin molecules can. Actinbased cell motility and cell locomotion semantic scholar. Julie theriot and tim mitchison used photoactivation to learn more. Most animal cell types possess the capacity to move over or through a substrate, and cell locomotion plays a key role in both normal physiology and disease. In many tissue cells, the capacity for locomotion is normally repressed, but can be activated by wounding or oncogenic transformation. Rosenblatt depolymerization and julie theriot protrusion, listeria motility. Two tails of motility in cells kunchun lee biophysics, uc davis edward banigan physics, upenn. Working in cell types ranging from bacteria to fish skin cells, they. We explicitly acknowledge key intellectual contributions from jody rosenblatt depolymerization and julie theriot protrusion, listeria motility.
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